Lipid Digestion and Transport
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Beta Oxidation
Beta oxidation is a metabolic process involving multiple steps by which fatty acid molecules are broken down to produce energy. It releases 2‐carbon units in succession by breaking down long fatty acids that have been converted to acyl-CoA chains into progressively smaller fatty acyl-CoA chains.
The overall reaction for one cycle of beta oxidation is:
There are four main steps in beta-oxidation:
- Loss of hydrogens
- Addition of water
- Loss of another hydrogen
- Addition of another CoA
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Fatty acid Biosynthesis
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Ketogenesis
What is Ketogenesis?
Ketogenesis is a biochemical process that produces ketone bodies by breaking down fatty acids and ketogenic amino acids. The process supplies the needed energy of certain organs, especially the brain.
Not having enough ketogenesis could result to hypoglycaemia and over production of ketone bodies leading to a condition called ketoacidosis. It releases ketones when fat is broken down for energy. There are many ways to release ketones such as through urination and exhaling acetone. Ketones have sweet smell on the breath.
Ketogenesis and ketoacidosis are entirely different thing. Ketoacidosis is associated with diabetes and alcoholism, which could lead to even serious condition like kidney failure and even death.
